Exact minimization of the energy losses and the CO2 emissions in isolated DC distribution networks using PV sources

This paper addresses the optimal location and sizing of photovoltaic (PV) sources in isolated direct current (DC) electrical networks, considering time-varying load renewable generation curves. The mathematical formulation this problem corresponds to mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP), which is reformulated via convex optimization: ensures global optimum solving resulting optimization model branch & bound interior-point methods. main idea including PV DC grid minimize daily energy losses greenhouse emissions produced by diesel generators areas. GAMS package employed solve MINLP model, using mixed integer variables; also, CVX MOSEK solvers are used obtain solutions from proposed MATLAB. Numerical results demonstrate important reductions harmful gas when optimally integrated into grid.